According to shachaf 2008, culture is a complex, multidimensional construct that can be studied on several levels. Ethnic tourism is an alternative form of tourism that relies on attracting tourists to see sites connected to the cultural and historical heritage of ethnic minorities. But still, there are some who go on holiday with the intention to obtain and consume drugs. Ethnic tourism and cultural representation sciencedirect. A major form of tourism is agritourism, which refers to. Build environmental and cultural awareness and respect. The role of ethnic tourism in the food knowledge tradition.
In nature tourism, people visit a region in order to enjoy its natural beauty. Therefore, examinations of the impacts of tourism on cultural representation are needed, particularly in areas such as ethnic tourism. Tourism marks that movement of people on vacation in places different from an origin whether that be their home, city, or country. Cultural heritage tourism or just heritage tourism or diaspora tourism is a branch of tourism oriented towards the cultural heritage of the location where tourism is occurring the national trust for historic preservation in the united states defines heritage tourism as traveling to experience the places, artifacts and activities that authentically represent the stories and people of the. Cultural and ethnic are two words that are often confused since they are taken as words that give the same meaning when strictly speaking, there is some difference between the two words. The emergence of cultural tourism in research practice as an object of study dates back to the beginning of the xx century, but only in 2002 the international council for cultural and historical monuments publish a formal definition as follows. It provides the chance for tourists to experience aspects of unique cultures, landscapes, and ways of life. Japanese popular culture and contents tourism introduction. The concept of welfare is a somewhat neglected area within tourism studies, despite the continued growth of interest in key issues such as ethics, tourist safety, employees wellbeing, human.
Ethical tourism synonyms, ethical tourism pronunciation, ethical tourism translation, english dictionary definition of ethical tourism. Apr 11, 2015 article 2 tourism as a vehicle for individual and collective fulfillment tourism activities should respect the equality of men and women. The first use of the term, ethnic tourism, is attributed to smith 1977, who defined it as tourism marketed to the public in terms of the quaint customs of indigenous and often exotic peoples. Ethical tourism definition of ethical tourism by the free. Ethnic terrorists often seek to influence their own constituencies more than the country as a whole. More example sentences the natural beauty and relatively healthy and safe environment have potential for tourism and ecotourism. Drug tourism is a type of holiday which is not very popular among most people. It addresses the role of intangible cultural heritage and indigenous knowledge in promoting sustainable development for the indigenous people as well as.
Culture refers to the arts, customs, and other acceptances of a nation or a group of people. Ethnic tourists are driven by the desire to see something different where curiosity is. A conceptual framework is developed and employed to explore the relationships among the park, minority cultures, and ethnic tourism, to compare the perspectives of multiple stakeholders, and to address challenges associated with cultural representation and ethnic tourism. Social impacts of ethnic tourism development on the minority communities in guizhou province, southwest china by xiaoping wu abstract since the beginning of the 1980s, ethnic tourism has been one of the key industries promoted by the government of guizhou. It is distinguished from exploration in that tourists follow a.
Although a substantial literature is devoted to the impacts of ethnic tourism, little research has been done on planning ethnic attractions or related management issues. And it is hard to precisely differentiate ethnic tourism from a sentimental tourism. The term identity tourism is sometimes taken to mean the act of assuming a racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, sexual or gender identity for recreational purposes. Pdf religious tourism, pilgrimage, and cultural tourism. Contents tourism is a theoretical concept that originated in japan. Cultural diversity and information and communication impacts. Tourism and hospitality organizations will work in a very complex multicultural tourism environment and they must understand the perception of culture and the role of national culture, and how impact both employee as well as tourist behavior. According to tylor 1871, 1 the first person to give the definition of culture said. This means that those who implement, participate in and market ecotourism activities should adopt the following ecotourism principles. Tourism that involves visiting scenic or remote natural areas while attempting to minimize negative impacts on the environment and on the local. It encompasses, in addition to art and literature, lifestyles, ways of living together, values systems, traditions and beliefs.
In ethnic tourism, the construction of the other informed by orientalism can only be maintained through the politics of representation, which fixes the other through relations of difference. Apr 20, 2012 in ethnic tourism, the construction of the other informed by orientalism can only be maintained through the politics of representation, which fixes the other through relations of difference. Adventure tourism is a type of tourism in which tourist do some adventures activities like as skydiving, hill climbing, scuba diving. United states, the first nation societies of canada and north. The mountainous north of thailand has been a melting pot of different cultures for centuries and a trek is a great way to. The greatest challenge in this field is the question of sustainability of ethnic identity and culture. Case studies from xishuangbanna, yunnan, china abstract ethnic tourism has emerged as a means that is employed by many countries to facilitate economic and cultural development and to assist in the preservation of ethnic heritage. Adventure tourism is defined as the movement of the people from one to another place outside their comfort zone for exploration or travel to remote areas, exotic and possibly hostile areas. Globalization has not only produced a trend towards economic integration and cultural.
This paper analyzes the case of ethnic tourism in cuetzalan, mexico. Ethnic tourism is employed by many countries to facilitate economic and cultural development and to assist in heritage preservation. Tourism with and by indigenous and ethnic communities in the asia pacific region. In some destinations, there is a great appreciation of the environmental resources as the source of the tourism industry, and as such there are environmental protection policies and plans in place. Minimize physical, social, behavioral, and psychological impacts. To understand how food knowledge in migrant societies is maintained and transformed, it is necessary to go back to where food knowledge is learned. Examples of communities that attract tourists for this reason include the amish communities of the.
Pdf this article presents a case study analysis of the ethnic tourism. Ethnic tourism a helicopter from huge graveyard to. Ethnic terrorism differs considerably from violence carried out for ideological, religious, or financial motives. The increase in the number of people with lots of money but little leisure time has resulted in a growing emphasis on rest and relaxation, and wellness and health holidays. What is ecotourism the international ecotourism society. The positive of sustainable tourism is to ensure that development is a positive experience for local people. Book report on ethnic tourism and cultural tourism assignment the social dissimilarities in tourism, as stated above, clearly appear in the word system. It may also refer to the tourism industrys representation andor construction of ethnic identities and historical or. Ethnic tourism refers to a kind of tourism where indigenous people are directly involved either through control andor by having their culture serve as the essence of attraction. The low ethnic tourism group are most likely to visit an aboriginal tourism attraction as part of a tour or because someone else in their party wanted to visit. A case study in chiang rai polladach theerapappisit school of social sciences and psycho logy, university of western sydney australia 1.
Even though leisure and travel could be considered cultural universals murdock et al. The cultural and culturalcognitive tourism actually is this form. Based on our culture, our cultural identity is created. To explore ethnic tourism as a preservation strategy for ethnic language and culture.
The article examines the matter of cultural tourism and sustainable development. This study attempts to go beyond the big debates of ethnic tourism on tourism as a space of inauthenticity and the representational space of ethnic identity by looking into the complex relationships between host and guest, or visitors and community. International research symposium in service management issn 16940938 cultural diversity training programme development for hospitality and tourism industry enterprises prof angelo nicolaides faculty of human sciences vaal university of technology po box 257 helderkruin 1733 south africa tel. Based on recent case studies that illustrate the different facets of the relationship between tourism, culture and. It is a product of modern social arrangements, beginning in western europe in the 17th century, although it has antecedents in classical antiquity. Many tourists prefer to go on a family trip, beach, sports or wellness holiday and do not want to get involved in any kind of drug issues. Cultural diversity for hospitality and tourisim industry. The journey of people to specific destinations that offer cultural attractions, including historic sites and artistic and cultural events and shows, with the aim of acquiring new knowledge and experiences that meet the intellectual needs and individual growth of the traveler. Tourism, the act and process of spending time away from home in pursuit of recreation, relaxation, and pleasure, while making use of the commercial provision of services.
I agree with the article the transformation is a goal for all societies in the interior of the world system which contains societies with diverse levels of upgrading. The literature offers numerous definitions of ethnic tourism. Ethnic tourism is travel motivated by search for the first hand, authentic and sometimes intimate contact with people whose ethnic and or cultural background is different from the tourists. However, all four groups showed a high to very high level of satisfaction in their visit to tjapukai and were also interested in further ethnic tourism experiences. The role and importance of cultural tourism in modern. Identity tourism research dates back to a 1984 special issue of annals of tourism research guest edited by pierre l. Those who intend to put cbt into practice need to fully understand the underlying ideas, principles and components behind cbt. Tourism relies on, and greatly impacts, the natural environment in which it operates. The journey of people to specific destinations that offer cultural attractions, including historic sites and artistic and cultural events and shows, with the aim of acquiring new knowledge and experiences that meet the intellectual needs and individual growth of. The role and importance of cultural tourism in modern tourism. Cbt is not simply a tourism business that aims at maximizing profits for investors. The different levels of culture will be the rituals, the heroes and the symbols of the given. Ethnic tourism or so called sentimental tourism relates mainly to international travel. Pdf ethnic tourism as a space of understanding the.
At first attention is called to the tourist character of a trip. The impact of culture on tourism examines the growing relationship between tourism and culture, and the way in which they have together become major drivers of destination attractiveness and competitiveness. Participants of ethnic tourism are searching for their identity, roots, origin and values. Pdf ethnic tourism as a space of understanding the other. This introduction to the special issue on japanese popular culture and contents tourism places the four articles in theoretical and contextual perspective. However, ethnic tourism can have negative impacts on the local ethnic minority communities, for example, there is a chance for their identity, livelihood, values and culture to be challenged or altered as a result of practices of ethnic tourism. Culture is a set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features of society or a social group. Introduction this chapter introduces the concept of communitybased tourism, as a part of economic development plans in thailand. It will be useful to understand the prevailing meaning of ethnic tourism right at the. The role and importance of cultural tourism in modern touri sm industry 203 according to hofstede 1997 the core of a culture is formed by the values figure 1.
Difference between cultural and ethnic compare the. Sustainable tourism is an industry committed to making a low impact on the environment and local culture, while helping to generate future employment for local people. India, rich with its cultural diversity, grand heritage and inimitable history, is a world famous cultural tourism destination. Representation relies on the link between visibility and poweras certain human subjects become great spectacles spectacle of the other. Tourism directed towards exotic, often threatened, natural environments, intended to support conservation efforts and observe wildlife. Cultural tourism is the subset of tourism concerned with a travelers engagement with a country or regions culture, specifically the lifestyle of the people in those geographical areas, the history of those people, their art, architecture, religion s, and other elements that helped shape their way of life. The elderly population in key tourismgenerating markets has shown a preference for cultural tourism against sun and sand. Ethnic tourism is when travellers choose to experience first hand the practices of another culture, and may involve performances, presentations and attractions portraying or presented by small, often isolated indigenous communities. Costa ricas reaction to the covid19 health emergency has been recognized as a worldwide success story. Isajiw university of toronto paper presented at joint canadaunited states conference on themeasurement of ethnicity, ottawa, ontario, canada, april 2, 1992. Article 2 tourism as a vehicle for individual and collective fulfillment tourism activities should respect the equality of men and women. In the absence of a strict definition of ethnic tourism, there is need to clarify the individual words of that definition. The bottomup approach of communitybased ethnic tourism. Understanding ethnic tourists the tjapukai experience.
The elderly population in key tourism generating markets has shown a preference for cultural tourism against sun and sand. Todays contact zone challenges ethnic and religious. Ecotourism is about uniting conservation, communities, and sustainable travel. Adopting urrys 1999 definition of tourism assumes that tourists and visitors travel with preconceived notions of the ethnic other. Ethnic tourism is related to the more popularly known nature or eco tourism. This volume examined the ways in which tourism intersects with the reformation and revision of various forms of identity, particularly ethnic and cultural identities. Tourism is a globalized business activity, thus facing growing challenges in terms of fairness and ethics. Japanese popular culture and contents tourism introduction philip seaton and takayoshi yamamura abstract. Jun 12, 2009 ethnic tourism, if properly planned and managed, can be promoted as sustainable form of tourism and can be utilized as a tool for the preservation and conservation of culture and heritage as well as poverty alleviation. Cultural tourism and sustainable development gounesco. Fundamentally, ethical tourism is a theme that has been developed, predominantly by. Underlying ideas community based tourismcbt terms and.
Community based tourism cbt is a unique type of tourism with characteristics quite different from mass tourism. Published in challenges of measuring an ethnic world. It is argued that serious negative impacts occur for the indigenous people, for example, cultural, social, psychological, ecological, and economic. Ethnic tourism is motivated by tourists search for exotic cultural experiences through interaction with distinctive minority groups and the desire of those groups to use aspects of their culture to create economic opportunities. Ethical tourism definition of ethical tourism by the. Ethnic tourism is the addition of an indigenous or traditional group of people who live in this environment and interact and depend upon it. Ethics in tourism is and should be a matter of concern to all stakeholders supranational and national agents managing tourism development, ngos, tourism entrepreneurs, tourists, tourism destinations, especially since the. The politics of ethnic tourism in northern thailand. Ethnic terrorists frequently seek to foster communal identity, in contrast to an identity proposed by the state. As such, tourism is a product of modern social arrangements, beginning in western europe in the 17th century, although it has antecedents in classical antiquity. Cultural diversity for hospitality and tourisim industry 1. Ethnic tourism a helicopter from huge graveyard to paradise.
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